Onychomycosis (fungal infection of the toenails)

Onychomycosis is a very commonly encountered fungal infection of the nails seen in Podiatric practices. 

 

Generally, the first sign of a fungal nail is a yellow discoloration of the nail. Depending on the severity of the infection, nails can also become thickened or brittle, loose, and present with a generally rough texture. A distal subungual infection is the most common type. This simply means the infection often takes place at the end of the nail, and under it. The causative agents of onychomycosis are usually Dermatophytes (most often Trichophyton Rubrum). Yeast infections may also present in about 5% of patients due to a Candida Albicans infection.
Onychomycosis is generally a very straight forward and simple nail condition to treat. Podiatric physicians have found that oral and topical anti-fungals are often very effective in treating fungal infections. 

 

Dr. Michael Garvin of Port St. Lucie Florida is a board certified Podiatrist with a great deal of experience in treating fungal infections of all types. If you are looking for more information regarding fungal nails visit Dr. Garvin’s website here. You may also find information to schedule an appointment with Dr. Garvin here.

 

Plantar Warts

Plantar Warts are characterized by a rough, often cauliflower like lesion on the plantar surface of the skin. The lesion can be a variety of shapes and sizes, and can be solo or present in a cluster known as mosaic verrucae. Often times the lesion appears to have pinpoint bleeding marks, and the edges of the lesion can be elevated due to hyperkaratosis (excessive skin formation) although, not to be confused with a corn or callus. Warts are technically known as verrucae and can be exceedingly difficult to eliminate. Warts (the non-sexually transmitted type) that present on the superficial skin are due to infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), serotypes 1,2 & 4. Generally the young and the old are most susceptible to non-sexually transmitted warts. The most common age group affected by warts is 5-16 years of age. The hand is the most common site of manifestation, followed by the plantar surface (sole) of the foot.

Warts can be transmitted via direct or indirect contact through tiny cuts or invisible abrasions present on the skin. They can also be transmitted to different sites on an individuals body once infected by certain behaviors such as biting finger nails and/or skin alongside the nails; this is known as autoinoculation. Not only can warts be unsightly, but they can also cause pain during walking if present at inopportune sites of the feet.

If you have a lesion you might suspect is a wart on your foot, please visit Dr. Michael Garvin’s website for more information regarding warts and treatments. Dr. Garvin is based in Port St. Lucie, Florida and accepts new patients. Call his East office at 772-335-7171, or the West office at 772-871-6020 to schedule an appointment today!

Claw Toe

A claw toe is a deformity of the toe that is due to a soft tissue (musculature) imbalance. Claw toes most often present with a callus and/or pain at the ball of the foot, and on top of the toe at the most proximal joint.  The imbalances that cause this physical change in shape of the toe are extension at the metatarsophalangeal joint, flexion at the proximal phalangeal joint and flexion at the distal phalangeal joint. Normally, in healthy toes, there should be no extension or flexion at any toe joint during relaxation. However, in the claw toe, these series of musculature contractures are seen due to underlying pedal or bodily pathologies. These pathologies can include, but are certainly not limited to severe flat foot deformity (pes planus), excessive pronation, trauma to the foot, diabetes mellitus, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy and more. 

If you think you have a claw toe(s), or suffer from any of the aforementioned diseases you should have your feet checked out by a podiatrist. Dr. Michael Garvin of Port St. Lucie, Florida has been practicing for years and has great experience at treating claw toes and many other pedal pathologies. His aim is always to treat the underlying cause of foot pain with minimally invasive techniques. Visit Dr. Garvin’s website for more information regarding his practice and treatment options.

Haglund’s Deformity

Haglund’s deformity is characterized by pain on the back of the lateral heel. This is due to bony enlargement of the calcaneus, which in turn causes soft tissue swelling when rubbed against shoe gear. Often times in a Haglund’s deformity retrocalcaneal bursitis is present. This is simply irritation of a small fluid filled sac that lies between the Achilles tendon and the calcaneus. As previously stated, patients suffering from Haglund’s deformity generally present with symptoms of pain, redness and swelling on the back of the outside heel. 

Haglund’s deformity is sometimes referred to as a “pump bump” due to its presence being accredited to the “pump” style shoe that often cause it. However, Haglund’s deformity doesn’t only manifest due to calcaneal irritation from pump shoes. Mens dress shoes, ice skates, and any shoes with a rigid back can also cause this soft tissue swelling.
 
If Haglund’s deformity is a condition that parallels something you’re currently experiencing please visit Dr. Michael Garvin’s website for more information, or if you’re in the Port Saint Lucie, Florida area, schedule an appointment at one of his offices.

The Significance of Biomechanics

Biomechanics and a patient's foot health have a strong correlation. Biomechanics can be defined as the science of internal and external forces and their affect on the human body. An example of an internal force would be an individual's body weight. An example of an external force would be the ground's forces upwards on the foot during an individual's gait. 

 

Biomechanics have a strong correlation with an individual’s foot health because these aforementioned forces must be compensated for, so that the human foot properly adapts to this energy. If the foot is not able to adapt to these forces and improperly absorbs the energy created from gait, many pathological manifestations can occur. To name a few of the possible conditions derived from improper biomechanics: plantar fasciitis, shin splints, bunions, hammer toes, stress fractures, claw toes, and the list goes on. 

 

If you are experiencing pain during walking, running, jumping etc.. and think you may have any irregularities in your biomechanical processes, please contact one of Dr. Michael Garvin’s offices in Port Saint Lucie, Florida. Dr. Garvin has been analyzing patients biomechanics for many years and always seeks to treat and correct the underlying causes of pain. To obtain further information regarding your biomechanics and foot health please visit his website!


*This schematic depicts forces applied to the human skeleton that are experienced during normal walking.

Orthotics 101

An orthosis is a device used by podiatrists to correct an abnormality in a patient's gait, or provide additional cushion and control for a surgically corrected condition. Orthotics can be made out of a variety of different materials, and many times are made by a podiatrist in office. The materials chosen for fabrication of the device are generally contingent upon the condition being treated and cost effectiveness. Orthotics are often times one of a podiatrists favorite tools as it allows them to treat an extremely broad variety of foot-related ailments with a minimally invasive technique. Once the orthosis is made it can simply be placed into the patients shoe similarly as an insole would be.     

Most insurance companies will cover the cost of an orthotic and they’re often times the best treatment for patients. Especially patients who can’t afford to spend time off their feet with any kind of surgical recovery. Some conditions that are commonly treated with an orthotic, but certainly not limited to are bunions, tailors bunions, hallux limitus and rigidus, ankle equinus, plantar fasciitis, digital subluxations, Morton’s Neuroma, high arched feet/Pes Cavus, Diabetes related conditions, and many more. 

If you have any kind of foot related pain, or think you might be a candidate for an orthotic, don’t hesitate to call one of Dr. Michael Garvin’s offices in the Port Saint Lucie area in southeast Florida. 772-335-7171  Dr. Garvin has been practicing for years and has spent this time perfecting the art of healing and controlling patients foot problems with orthoses. 

Morton’s Neuroma

Morton’s Neuroma is classified as a nerve compression syndrome involving the common digital nerves found alongside the toes.  A neuroma is a growth or tumor of nerve tissue that can develop due to habitual pressure and irritation. This tumor that develops at the affected nerve is known as perineural fibrosis. Morton’s neuroma is most commonly seen at the 3rd common digital nerve, in the 3rd interspace of the forefoot near the toes. This condition is most common in women, and during middle age. The etiology of Morton’s neuroma surrounds nerve compression due to impingement of the nerve by a deep ligament, or the adjacent metatarsal heads. The compression that is the primary cause of this nerve irritation is generally caused by, but not limited to; shoes that have a narrow toe box, high heeled shoes, or pathologies that stem from irregularities in the gait cycle. 

The symptoms that generally present with a Morton’s neuroma are pain that radiates to the toes, or more proximally into the foot, burning, numbness and tingling. Additionally, the pain is often times described as sharp. Many patients will describe the feeling or sensation of having a pebble or sock bunched up under the ball of their foot. Pain usually worsens with walking, and is almost always further exacerbated by wearing shoes that cause compression at the metatarsal heads.

The diagnosis of a Morton’s neuroma is based upon clinical presentation. A podiatrist like Dr. Michael Garvin will use a variety of minimally invasive techniques to accurately diagnose this nerve condition, so patients can get back to being pain free as soon as possible. If any of these aforementioned symptoms sound similar to pain you’re currently experiencing do not hesitate to contact one of Dr. Garvin’s offices in Port Saint Lucie, Florida, or browse through his website for additional information.